Popeth sydd angen i chi ei wybod am y Parc Cenedlaethol newydd arfaethedig yng Ngogledd Cymru
Consultation on Wales’ proposed new National Park – member’s views needed.
Mewn newyddion mawr i bawb sy’n caru’r byd awyr agored, mae Parc Cenedlaethol newydd wedi’i gynnig yng ngogledd-orllewin Cymru, yn yr ardal a elwir yn Fryniau Clwyd a Dyffryn Dyfrdwy, er bod yr ardal arfaethedig yn mynd ymhell y tu hwnt i ardal y Dirwedd Genedlaethol bresennol sy’n rhannu’r un enw.
Gall dynodi parc cenedlaethol newydd fod yn ffordd wych o ysgogi economi leol, amddiffyn byd natur rhag datblygiad, gwarchod treftadaeth ddiwylliannol a naturiol a hybu mynediad cyfrifol i gefn gwlad.
Mae ymgynghoriad yn digwydd ar hyn o bryd gyda’r nod o gasglu barn y cyhoedd ar ardal ddethol y parc newydd, ei themâu allweddol, harddwch naturiol y parc, cyfleoedd ar gyfer hamddena, ac a ddylid sefydlu parc cenedlaethol newydd yn y parc newydd yn y lle cyntaf. Yn yr erthygl hon, byddwn yn ceisio esbonio goblygiadau rhai o’r cwestiynau hyn ac yn edrych ar sut y gallai’r parc cenedlaethol newydd edrych pe bai’n cael ei ddynodi, ynghyd â rhai o’r pryderon a fynegwyd gan sefydliadau cadwraeth.
Roedd y cynnig ar gyfer y parc newydd yn ymrwymiad maniffesto i Lywodraeth Cymru yn ystod etholiad 2021, ac felly mae disgwyl iddyn nhw geisio ei ddynodi cyn etholiadau 2026. Mae disgwyl i'r parc cenedlaethol newydd ddod a manteision economaidd sylweddol i gymunedau lleol, a chymorth ychwanegol ar gyfer rheoli ymwelwyr â’r ardal.
Mae Parciau Cenedlaethol wedi eu dynodi er lles pawb, ac rydym yn annog unrhyw un sy’n caru parciau cenedlaethol a thirweddau presennol Prydain i gymryd rhan yn yr ymgynghoriad a dangos pam eich bod yn gwerthfawrogi parciau cenedlaethol Prydain.
Mae pryder ymhlith sefydliadau amgylcheddol nad yw’r gwerthusiad presennol o ffiniau’r parc uchelgeisiol nac yn ystyried yn llawn y bioranbarthau ecolegol gydlynol sy’n bresennol yn yr ardal, yr argyfwng hinsawdd a natur neu’r potensial i ardaloedd a aseswyd wella ac adfer byd natur.
Ni chafwyd unrhyw adroddiad yn manylu ar y manteision dros natur y gallai'r parc eu cyflwyno, a byddem yn annog aelodau i ofyn i hyn gael ei gyflawni ar frys.
Gallwch gymryd rhan yn yr ymgynghoriad parhaus yma, gyda dyddiad cau o 16 Rhagfyr 2024.
I’ch cynorthwyo i ateb yr ymgynghoriad, rydym wedi cynnwys rhywfaint o gyd-destun o ran y broses ddynodi, y gwahaniaeth rhwng Parciau Cenedlaethol a Thirweddau Cenedlaethol (AHNEau gynt) a gwybodaeth ddefnyddiol arall.
Beth yw Parc Cenedlaethol a beth yw Tirwedd Genedlaethol (a elwid gynt yn Ardal o Harddwch Naturiol Eithriadol, AHNE)?
Dibenion parc cenedlaethol yw gwarchod a gwella harddwch naturiol, bywyd gwyllt, a threftadaeth ddiwylliannol yr ardal, ac hyrwyddo cyfleoedd i’r cyhoedd ddeall a mwynhau nodweddion arbennig y parciau cenedlaethol. Mewn achosion lle mae'r nodau hyn yn gwrthdaro, y pwrpas cyntaf (gwarchod natur a harddwch naturiol) ddylai gael blaenoriaeth. Wrth fynd ar drywydd y ddau ddiben hyn mae gan Awdurdod y Parc Cenedlaethol hefyd ddyletswydd i feithrin lles economaidd a chymdeithasol cymunedau sy’n byw yn y parc cenedlaethol.
Yn ymarferol, mae hyn yn golygu gwarchod yr ardal rhag datblygiad a fyddai'n lleihau nodweddion arbennig yr ardal a ddynodwyd yn Barc - trwy reolaeth y system gynllunio o fewn y parc.
Mae Tirweddau Cenedlaethol yn cael eu gwarchod yn debyg i rai parciau cenedlaethol y DU ond, yn wahanol i Barciau Cenedlaethol, nid oes gan y cyrff cyfrifol eu hawdurdod cynllunio eu hunain. Byddai angen i Barc Cenedlaethol warchod a gwella’r bywyd gwyllt a’r dreftadaeth ddiwylliannol, yn ogystal â chynnig digon o gyfleoedd i’r cyhoedd brofi a mwynhau “rhinweddau arbennig” yr ardal, a byddai cyllideb ychwanegol a staff yn cael eu rhoi i wneud hynny.
Yn wahanol i Barciau Cenedlaethol, nid oes gan Dirweddau Cenedlaethol ail bwrpas ystadudol dros hamddena na threftadaeth ddiwylliannol, er y gallant ddewis i wneud gwaith yn yr ardaloedd hyn er mwyn helpu ymwelwyr. Yn ymarferol, gall hyn olygu mwy o geidwaid ar lawr gwlad, mwy o fuddsoddiad mewn addysg, a gwaith i gysylltu pobl â natur trwy hamddena a gweithio gyda chymunedau lleol.
Yn wahanol i lawer o wledydd eraill, nid yw Parciau Cenedlaethol na Thirweddau Cenedlaethol yn eiddo cyhoeddus yn y DU, gydag Awdurdodau Parciau Cenedlaethol fel arfer yn berchen ar ganran fach iawn o gyfanswm yr arwynebedd.
Beth yw’r ardal sydd wedi’i mapio yn yr ymgynghoriad, beth maen nhw’n ei eithrio, a pham?
Gallwch ddod o hyd i'r ardal arfaethedig yma ar wefan yr ymgynghoriad. Mae sefydliadau amgylcheddol wedi codi pryderon ynghylch eithrio nifer o safleoedd megis twyni Talacre a Gronant (gan arwain at golli unrhyw agwedd arfordirol o’r Parc), Iseldir Caerwys, Mynydd Helygain (comin sydd â mynediad rhagorol a su’n ardal hamddena hanesyddol), Dyffryn Clwyd, Dinbych, Iseldir yr Wyddgrug, Mynydd yr Hôb a rhai ardaloedd eraill.
Mae Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru yn dweud mai diffyg cysondeb gyda'r dirwedd bresennol o fewn yr ardal arfaethedig sy'n gyfrifol am yr eithriadau hyn.
Mae nifer o SoDdGA (Ardaloedd o Ddiddordeb Gwyddonol Arbennig) wedi’u rhannu’n hanner â’r ffiniau presennol – nid yw hyn yn gyson â dull gweithredu sy’n dilyn ffiniau ecolegol. Nid yw'r ffiniau ychwaith yn rhoi cyfrif priodol am reolaeth a dalgylch yr Afon Ddyfrdwy - gallai hyn gyfyngu ar y buddion y bydd y Parc yn eu hennill o ran diogelu ac adfer natur.
Cyflwr natur yn ein Parciau Cenedlaethol
Yn ôl Adroddiad Gwiriad Iechyd yr Ymgyrch dros Barciau Cenedlaethol, mae 70-80% o’n mawndiroedd wedi’u difrodi, nid oes unrhyw gorff o ddŵr yn ein parciau cenedlaethol mewn iechyd da yn gyffredinol, ni fu unrhyw gynnydd net mewn gorchudd coetir, a’n safleoedd cadwraeth mwyaf hanfodol, (Safleoedd o Ddiddordeb Gwyddonol Arbennig, SoDdGA ), yn gyffredinol mewn cyflwr gwaeth yn ein Parciau Cenedlaethol na’r rhai mewn mannau eraill.
Dywedodd Adrian Lloyd Jones, Pennaeth Tirweddau Byw Ymddiriedolaeth Natur Gogledd Cymru:
"Mae gennym ni bryderon ynghylch lle gallai'r broses ddynodi fod yn arwain. Mynd i'r afael â'r argyfwng natur oedd un o'r ddau reswm a roddwyd gan Lywodraeth Cymru dros greu'r parc cenedlaethol newydd, ond mae'r ardal bresennol sy'n cael ei chynnig yn bygwth cyfyngu'n ddifrifol ar y nod hwn oherwydd ei ffin. Nid yw'n seiliedig ar ffactorau ecolegol. Rydym o'r farn ei bod yn bosibl i'r ddeddfwriaeth gael ei dehongli mewn ffordd ehangach, fwy cyfannol a fyddai'n ystyried yr argyfwng natur a deddfwriaeth ddiweddar ac felly'n galluogi cynnig ffin ecolegol-synhwyrol a fyddai'n helpu i gyflawni nodau gwreiddiol y parc cenedlaethol newydd.”
Cymru yw un o'r gwledydd gwaethaf yn y byd o ran dirywio natur, ac mae ein Parciau Cenedlaethol yn dal rhai o’n hadnoddau mwyaf gwerthfawr. Dim ond 6% o Barciau Cenedlaethol Cymru a Lloegr sy’n cael eu rheoli’n effeithiol ar gyfer byd natur ar hyn o bryd, ond mae’r problemau a wynebir gan natur yn ein parciau cenedlaethol er gwaethaf eu statws Parc Cenedlaethol – nid o’i herwydd.
Safiad BMC
Mae’r BMC yn teimlo bod yna gwestiynau y mae’n rhaid i’r awdurdod dynodi (Cyfoeth Naturiol Cymru, CNC) eu hateb er mwyn sicrhau bod natur yn fuddiolwr sylweddol o’r broses o ddynodi’r Parc Cenedlaethol newydd hwn, ac mae’n galw ar CNC i gynhyrchu Adroddiad Buddion i Natur ar frys gyda chorff eang o dystiolaeth empirig yn dangos bod y maes diddordeb presennol yn wirioneddol llesol ar gyfer byd natur ac y bydd yn ddigonol i fynd i’r afael â gofynion Llywodraeth Cymru, fel uchelgeisiau i ddiogelu 30% o Gymru ar gyfer byd natur erbyn 2030 a nodau’r ‘deep dive’ bioamrywiaeth o 2022, a'r amcan a nodwyd o ddiogelu natur.
Meddai Eben Muse, Swyddog Polisi ac Ymgyrchoedd y BMC yng Nghymru, "Mae Parciau Cenedlaethol yn bwysig. Maent yn caniatáu inni gadw a diogelu ein treftadaeth naturiol a diwylliannol, maent yn dal ein dychymyg ac yn datgloi rhannau o'r wlad na fyddem erioed wedi'u hadnabod hebddynt. Gallant darparu ysgogiad mawr ei angen i economïau gwledig a’n hysbrydoli i gael anturiaethau a chysylltu â byd natur, i gyd wrth wella ein lles corfforol a meddyliol. Rydw i’n galw ar aelodau BMC a’r gymuned awyr agored ehangach i ddefnyddio’r ymgynghoriad hwn i rannu eu gweledigaeth ar gyfer beth maen nhw eisiau gweld mewn Parc Cenedlaethol newydd i Gymru, sydd ar gyfer bob un ohonom."
Adnoddau Ychwanegol:
Datganiad yr Ymgyrch dros Barciau Cenedlaethol
Dweud eich dweud
Mae nifer o ddigwyddiadau personol neu ar-lein wedi'u cynllunio i ymgynghori a hysbysu'r cyhoedd am gynlluniau ar gyfer y Parc Cenedlaethol a'r ffin ddrafft. Mae gweddill y digwyddiadau fel a ganlyn:
Digwyddiadau cyhoeddus ar-lein - Dydd Iau 12 Rhagfyr, cyswllt dynodedig.landscapes.programme@naturalresourceswales.gov.uk i sicrhau lle.
Digwyddiadau galw heibio cyhoeddus -
Sad 16 Tachwedd 10am-4pm, Pwyllgor Sefydliad Cyhoeddus, Park View/High St, Llanfyllin SY22 5AA
Sad 30 Tachwedd 10am-4pm, Canolfan Gymunedol Neuadd y Brenin, Kings' Ave, Prestatyn LL19 9AA
Dydd Mawrth 3 Rhagfyr 3pm-7pm, Canolfan Cowshacc (1st Clives Own Pencadlys Sgowtiaid a Chanolfan Gymunedol Y Trallwng), Stryd Berriew, Y Trallwng SY21 7TE
Wed 4 Dec 3pm-7pm, Canolfan Ni, London Road, Corwen, Denbighshire LL21 0DP
Tues 10 Dec 3pm-7pm, Llangollen Town Hall, Castle St, Llangollen LL20 8NU
Oeddech chi'n gwybod?
Simply becoming a BMC member supports vital access work like this, plus you get all the benefits that membership offers, including these and many more:
£15 million Worldwide Combined Liability Insurance
£10,000 Personal Accident Insurance
Quarterly member-only magazine, Summit
15% off Cotswold Outdoor, Snow+Rock and Runners Need
Mae dod yn aelod o’r BMC yn cefnogi prosiectau fel hyn, a byddwch yn cael yr holl fuddion y mae aelodaeth yn eu cynnig, gan gynnwys y rhain a llawer mwy:
£15 miliwn Yswiriant Atebolrwydd Cyfunol Byd-eang
£10,000 Yswiriant Damweiniau Personol
Cylchgrawn aelod-yn-unig chwarterol, Summit
15% oddi ar Cotswold Outdoor, Eira+Roc a Rhedwyr Angen
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